前几天刚好因为某些原因接触腾讯云（qcloud.com），又因为那个亿元扶持活动，遂出了几十大洋买了一个最低配置的来玩玩。为了不浪费也是因为是国内主机，所以又将路过图床（http://imgchr.com）迁移到腾讯云。原来用的是apache环境，要切换到nginx那些伪静态啊什么的，用lnmp一键安装包却偏偏出了问题，求助程序的开发者，得出结果可以运行在nginx且nginx规则也正常使用。这就奇怪了，于是JiaJieChan就开始了手动配置LNMP的头了。

下文转载，也有一些添加的。出处请看文章底部。

系统：Centos 6.3 64位

要安装的组件：php-5.4.31 、mysql5.5.25a 、nginx 1.3.0、zend optimizer

首先清除系统默认安装好的mysql或apache，如果你的系统已经干净了请跳过；
查看服务器是否有安装相关的包
rpm -qa | grep mysql
rpm -qa | grep apache

如果有则使用rpm -e --nodeps删除掉；
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

然后开始配置环境
安装支持套件

好，先来Nginx 1.3.0

安装支持套件

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

下载必须的组件

pcre-8.31.tar.gz 让nginx支持rewrite
下载地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.31/pcre-8.31.tar.gz/download

安装pcre-8.31.tar.gz

1、解压 pcre
tar zxvf pcre-8.31.tar.gz
2、配置 pcre
cd pcre-8.31
./configure
配置时如果报 configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH 错误
可参考：nginx安装 configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
3、编译
make
编译时如果报 make[3]: *** [install-data-hook] Error 1错误
可参考：pcre-8.31安装 make[3]: *** [install-data-hook] Error 1错误
编译时如果报 make[1]: *** [pcrecpp.lo] Error 1错误
可参考：nginx安装出错 make[1]: *** [pcrecpp.lo] Error 1
4、安装
make install

添加nginx需要的用户组及用户

#/usr/sbin/groupadd -f nginx
#/usr/sbin/useradd -g ningx nginx

安装nginx

首先当然是wget下载，wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.3.0.tar.gz

1、解压 nginx
tar zxvf nginx-1.3.0.tar.gz
2、配置nginx,默认的安装目录在/usr/local/nginx
cd nginx-1.3.0
./configure --with-http_ssl_module

#configure后面这段是增加ssl组件，不需要可以去掉为了以后；

引用：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-06/62660.htm
3、编译nginx
make
4、安装
make install
5、启动服务
service nginx start 或者/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
启动时如果报 error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1:错误
可参考：nginx启动出错 error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1:
配置或启动时如果报 nginx: [emerg] getpwnam(“www”) failed 错误
可参考：nginx安装 nginx: [emerg] getpwnam(“www”) failed 错误
6、访问服务器的IP地址，成功之后页面将显示以下信息
Welcome to nginx!

mysql5.5.25

下载mysql安装文件

1、wget下载如下文件
MySQL-server-5.5.25-1.rhel5  wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/archives/mysql-5.5/MySQL-server-5.5.25a-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.5.25-1.rhel5    wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/archives/mysql-5.5/MySQL-devel-5.5.25-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.5.25-1.rhel5   wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/archives/mysql-5.5/MySQL-client-5.5.25-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

安装mysql5.5.25

1、进入安装文件的目录
2、安装mysql服务端
# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.25a-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
如图：mysql-server安装

安装过程中可能出现后面的错误：error: Failed dependencies: libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by MySQL-server
3、安装mysql客户端、mysql-devel
# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.5.25a-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.5.25a-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
如图：mysql-client-devel

启动mysql服务
# service mysql start

修改mysql中root的初始化密码

1、命令如下：
# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘rootadmin’
格式：mysqladmin -u用户名 -p旧密码 password 新密码
2、例子
# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘rootadmin’
注：因为开始时root没有密码，所以-p旧密码一项就可以省略了
3、用新的密码进行登录，如下图所示：

重启与停止mysql服务

启动方式1：service mysql start
启动方式2：/etc/init.d/mysql start
停止方式1：service mysql stop
停止方式2：/etc/init.d/mysql shutdown
重启方式1：service mysql restart
重启方式2：/etc/init.d/mysql restart

php-5.4.31

安装支持库

1) pcre-8.30.tar.gz   下载
# tar zxvf pcre-8.30.tar.gz
# cd pcre-8.30
# ./configure
# make
# make install
2) libiconv-1.14.tar.gz  下载
# tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
# cd libiconv-1.14
# ./configure
# make
# make install
3) libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz  下载
# tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
# ./configure
# make
# make install
4) mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz   下载
# tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
# cd mhash-0.9.9.9
# ./configure
# make
# make install
5) mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz   下载
# tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
# cd mcrypt-2.6.8
# ./configure
# make
# make install
配置时如果报 configure: error: *** libmcrypt was not found 错误
可参考：configure: error: *** libmcrypt was not found 错误解决

安装php-5.4.31

# tar zvxf php-5.4.31.tar.gz
# cd php-5.4.31
# ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/php –with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc –with-mysql=/usr –with-mysqli=/usr/bin/mysql_config –with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/lib –with-freetype-dir –with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-zlib –with-libxml-dir=/usr –enable-xml –disable-rpath –enable-safe-mode –enable-bcmath –enable-shmop –enable-sysvsem –enable-inline-optimization –with-curl –with-curlwrappers –enable-mbregex –enable-fpm –enable-mbstring –with-mcrypt –with-gd –enable-gd-native-ttf –with-openssl –with-mhash –enable-pcntl –enable-sockets –with-ldap –with-ldap-sasl –with-xmlrpc –enable-zip –enable-soap –without-pear –with-fpm-user=www –with-fpm-group=www -with-pdo-mysql -with-mysql-sock=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

上面最后一段pdo是在测试路过图床的时候发现错误的，所以在写这篇文章的时候才加上的，解决了不少问题。

对于一些新的程序如果没有加上，会报错Undefined class constant 'MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND'；

引用：http://blog.51yip.com/server/1514.html

# make
# make install

编译中的错误解决

1、如果配置当中报 configure: error: Cannot find ldap libraries in /usr/lib. 错误
具体的解决办法请参考：解决php configure: error: Cannot find ldap libraries in /usr/lib.错误
2、如果配置当中报 configure: error: Cannot find MySQL header files under /usr/share/mysql. 错误
说明指定的安装目录不对
解决办法：将–with-mysql=/usr/share/mysql 改成–with-mysql=/usr
3、如果配置当中报
configure: error: Cannot find libmysqlclient under /usr.
Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore! 错误
具体的解决办法请参考：configure: error: Cannot find libmysqlclient under /usr.错误解决
4、如果配置当中报 make: *** [sapi/cli/php] Error 1 错误
具体的解决办法请参考：make: *** [sapi/cli/php] Error 1错误解决

复制php配置文件

# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
# /usr/local/php/bin/php –ini  #测试ini文件是否加载

编辑php-fpm.conf

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

[global]
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = log/php-fpm.log
log_level = notice
[www]
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
user = www
group = www
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 5000

测试php-fpm配置

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t
如果显示以下信息，则说明安装成功
NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful

启动php-fpm

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
如果启动报错：ERROR: [pool www] cannot get uid for user ‘www’
增加用户即可,具体的代码：useradd www -M -s /sbin/nologin
到此为止，整个php安装完成

Zend Optimizer安装

wget -c http://live.utoptoy.com/ZendGuardLoader-php-5.3-linux-glibc23-x86_64.tar.gz

增加php、nginx等开机启动和start、restart、stop的快捷参数

Nginx启动脚本/etc/init.d/nginx

vi /etc/init.d/nginx

#!/bin/bash
#
# Startup script for Nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

start() {
 [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
 [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
 echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
 daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
 retval=$?
 echo
 [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
 return $retval
}

stop() {
 echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
 killproc $prog -QUIT
 retval=$?
 echo
 [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
 return $retval
}

restart() {
 configtest || return $?
 stop
 sleep 1
 start
}

reload() {
 configtest || return $?
 echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
 killproc $nginx -HUP
 RETVAL=$?
 echo
}

force_reload() {
 restart
}

configtest() {
 $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
 status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
 rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
 start)
 rh_status_q && exit 0
 $1
 ;;
 stop)
 rh_status_q || exit 0
 $1
 ;;
 restart|configtest)
 $1
 ;;
 reload)
 rh_status_q || exit 7
 $1
 ;;
 force-reload)
 force_reload
 ;;
 status)
 rh_status
 ;;
 condrestart|try-restart)
 rh_status_q || exit 0
 ;;
 *)
 echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
 exit 2
esac

编辑好后保存，执行以下命令

sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
sudo /sbin/chkconfig nginx on
# 检查一下
sudo /sbin/chkconfig --list nginx
nginx           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

完成！可以使用以下命令管理Nginx了

service nginx start
service nginx stop
service nginx restart
service nginx reload
 
/etc/init.d/nginx start
/etc/init.d/nginx stop
/etc/init.d/nginx restart
/etc/init.d/nginx reload

PHP-FPM启动脚本/etc/init.d/php-fpm

#!/bin/bash
#
# Startup script for the PHP-FPM server.
#
# chkconfig: 345 85 15
# description: PHP is an HTML-embedded scripting language
# processname: php-fpm
# config: /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

PHP_PATH=/usr/local
DESC="php-fpm daemon"
NAME=php-fpm
# php-fpm路径
DAEMON=$PHP_PATH/php/sbin/$NAME
# 配置文件路径
CONFIGFILE=$PHP_PATH/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
# PID文件路径(在php-fpm.conf设置)
PIDFILE=$PHP_PATH/php/var/run/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME

# Gracefully exit if the package has been removed.
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0

rh_start() {
 $DAEMON -y $CONFIGFILE || echo -n " already running"
}

rh_stop() {
 kill -QUIT `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n " not running"
}

rh_reload() {
 kill -HUP `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n " can't reload"
}

case "$1" in
 start)
 echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"
 rh_start
 echo "."
 ;;
 stop)
 echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"
 rh_stop
 echo "."
 ;;
 reload)
 echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
 rh_reload
 echo "reloaded."
 ;;
 restart)
 echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"
 rh_stop
 sleep 1
 rh_start
 echo "."
 ;;
 *)
 echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload}" >&2
 exit 3
 ;;
esac
exit 0

编辑好后保存，执行以下命令

sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
sudo /sbin/chkconfig php-fpm on
# 检查一下
sudo /sbin/chkconfig --list php-fpm
php-fpm           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

完成！可以使用以下命令管理php-fpm了

service php-fpm start
service php-fpm stop
service php-fpm restart
service php-fpm reload
 
/etc/init.d/php-fpm start
/etc/init.d/php-fpm stop
/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
/etc/init.d/php-fpm reload

最后根据我的情况，修改php.ini最大上传大小无效，原来还要复制php.ini到以下位置。

以后直接修改这个位置的php.ini即可。

如果也是这个问题可以试试下面的命令。

cp /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini /usr/local/php/etc/

完成后，相关文件路径；

php.ini   /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

php-fpm /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

mysql.sock  /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

本文转自：http://www.iitshare.com/centos-6-3-64-bit-environment-to-build.html